A total of 8,067 students between the ages of 5 and 18 (mean age: 10.6 years) from pre-school to 12th grade participated in the study; 49.7% were female. Among 1,453 participating teachers, 81.8% were female, between the ages of 22 and 66, with an average age of 51, and had between 0 and 47 years of experience (average 26 years). After this DGEEC study titled "Psychological Health and Well-being in Portuguese Schools," the following in-depth studies were conducted: Regarding younger students (pre-school and 1st cycle) The results indicated that gender (female) is related to greater prosocial behavior (according to teacher assessment). In addition, the positive association between prosocial behavior and low levels of behavioral and peer problems is evident, as is the significance of basic cognitive processes, such as the capacity to pay attention and concentrate, for prosocial behavior. There is evidence of a worsening situation with age and, in this particular post-pandemic scenario, a peak in the 2nd year of schooling (students who began school in the year the pandemic began?). Sociodemographic factors related to gender and age, parents'/carers' schooling (mother's schooling), and social action measures (non-adherence), as well as psychological factors, were associated with academic performance in pre-school education and the 1st cycle of primary education (namely the existence of problems relating to hyperactivity and prosocial behavior). Saúde Psicológica e Bem-estar | Observatório Escolar 23 Executive summary
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